Review Article | Published: 30 September 2025

Revitalizing India's lac production: dynamics, trends and future opportunities – A review

Niranjan Prasad

Journal of Non-Timber Forest Products | Volume: 32 | Issue: 3 | Page No. 157-163 | 2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.54207/bsmps2000-2025-ZQ1IV6 | Cite this article

Abstract

Lac, a natural resin secreted by the lac insect (Kerria lacca), is a vital livelihood source for millions of rural and tribal communities in India. India’s lac industry is centered in states like Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, and Madhya Pradesh, with two primary strains: Rangeeni (higher yield) and Kusmi (superior quality). A notable shift has occurred, with Kusmi lac now contributing 70% of production, reflecting changing market preferences. Despite abundant host trees, actual production (17,761 tons/year) remains far below the estimated potential (76,200 tons/year), indicating significant untapped opportunities. Lac processing yields diverse products, including seedlac, shellac, and high-value derivatives like aleuritic acid and lac dye, which hold promise in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and food industries. However, challenges such as price volatility, labor-intensive cultivation, and competition from synthetic substitutes hinder growth. Innovations like Flemingia semialata cultivation and byproduct utilization (e.g., dye recovery) offer pathways to enhance sustainability and profitability. This review analyzes production trends (1919–2020), regional contributions, and dynamics, emphasizing the need for policy support, farmer training, and market linkages. By leveraging India’s natural resources and prioritizing value-added products, the lac sector can retain its global leadership while supporting rural livelihoods and environmental conservation.

Keywords

Lac production, Rangeeni, Kusmi, value addition, exports, sustainability, yield

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How to cite

Prasad, N., 2025. Revitalizing India's lac production: dynamics, trends and future opportunities – A review. Journal of Non-Timber Forest Products, 32(3), pp.157-163. https://doi.org/10.54207/bsmps2000-2025-ZQ1IV6

Publication History

Manuscript Received on 15 July 2025

Manuscript Revised on 15 September 2025

Manuscript Accepted on 22 September 2025

Manuscript Published on 30 September 2025

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