1. Ahmadian, M., Derakhshankhah, H. and Jaymand, M., 2023. Biosorptive removal of organic dyes using natural gums-based materials: A comprehensive review. Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, 124, 102. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jiec.2023.05.002
2. Ahuja, M.W. and Kumar, A., 2013. Gum ghatti–chitosan polyelectrolyte nanoparticles: Preparation and characterization. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 61, pp.411–415. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2013.07.022
3. Alam, M.S., Garg, A., Pottoo, F.H., Saifullah, M.K., Abu-Izneid, T., Manzoor, O., Mohsin, M. and Javed, M.N., 2017. Gum ghatti mediated, one pot green synthesis of optimized gold nanoparticles: Investigation of process-variables impact using Box-Behnken based statistical design. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 104, pp.758–767. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.05.129
4. Al-Assaf, S., Amar, V. and Phillips, G.O., 2008. Characterisation of gum ghatti and comparison with gum arabic. In Gums and Stabilisers for the Food Industry (Vol. 14, pp. 280–290). Royal Society of Chemistry. https://doi.org/10.1039/9781847558312-00280
5. Al-Assaf, S., Phillips, G. and Amar, V., 2009. Gum ghatti. In G. Phillips & P. Williams (eds), Handbook of Hydrocolloids (pp. 477–494). CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL. https://doi.org/10.1533/9781845695873.477
6. Al-Assaf, S., Phillips, G.O. and Amar, V., 2021. Gum ghatti. In Handbook of hydrocolloids (Third Edition), pp. 653–672. Woodhead Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-820104-6.00012-7
7. Amar, V., Al-Assaf, S. and Phillips, G.O., 2006. An introduction to gum ghatti: Another proteinaceous gum. Foods and Food Ingredients Journal of Japan, 211(3), pp.275–279.
8. Annual Report, 2019. ICAR-Indian Institute of Natural Resins and Gums, Ranchi, India.
9. Anonymous, 1974. Indian Standards-IS:7239-1974 Specifications for gum ghatti, food grade. Indian Standard Institution, New Delhi.
10. Aspinall, G., Auret, B. and Hirst, E., 1958. Gum ghatti (Indian gum). Part II. The hydrolysis products obtained from the methylated degraded gum and the methylated gum. Journal of the Chemical Society, pp.221–230. https://doi.org/10.1039/jr9580000221
11. Aspinall, G., Bhavanandan, V. and Christensen, T., 1965. Gum ghatti (Indian gum). Part V. Degradation of the periodate-oxidised gum. Journal of Chemical Society, 2677. https://doi.org/10.1039/jr9650002677
12. Aspinall, G., Hirst, E. and Wickstrom, A., 1955. Gum ghatti (Indian gum). The composition of the gum and the structure of two aldobiouronic acids derived from it. Journal of the Chemical Society, 1160. https://doi.org/10.1039/JR9550001160
13. Barak, S., Mudgil, D. and Taneja, S., 2020. Exudate gums: Chemistry, properties and food applications – a review. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 100(7), pp.2828–2835. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.10302
14. BeMiller, J.N., 1973. Quince seed, psyllium seed, flax seed, and okra gums, Industrial Gums (J. N. BeMiller, Ed.). Academic Press, New York. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-746252-3.50021-6
15. Bera, H., Ippagunta, S.R., Kumar, S. and Vangala, P., 2017. Core-shell alginate-ghatti gum modified montmorillonite composite matrices for stomach-specific flurbiprofen delivery. Materials Science and Engineering C, 76, pp.715–726.
16. Bhat, V.G., Masti, S.P., Narasagoudr, S.S., Chougale, R.B., Kumar, P. and Vantamuri, A.B., 2023. Development and characterization of Chitosan/Guar gum /Gum ghatti bionanocomposites with in situ silver nanoparticles. Chemical Data Collections, 44, 101009. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cdc.2023.101009
17. Bhatt, J.R., 1987. Gum tapping in Anogeissus latifolia (Combretaceae) using ethephon. Current Science, pp.936–940.
18. Bhosale, R.R., Osmani, R.A.M., Abu Lila, A.S., Khafagy, E.S., Arab, H.H., Gowda, D.V., Rahamathulla, M., Hani, U., Adnan, M. and Gangadharappa, H.V., 2021. Ghatti gum-base graft copolymer: A plausible platform for pH-controlled delivery of antidiabetic drugs. RSC Advances, 11(24), pp.14871–14882. https://doi.org/10.1039/D1RA01536B
19. Castellani, O., Al-Assaf, S., Axelos, M., Phillips, G.O. and Anton, M., 2010. Hydrocolloids with emulsifying capacity. Part 2 – Adsorption properties at the n-hexadecane–Water interface. Food Hydrocolloids, 24(2–3), pp.121–130. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodhyd.2009.07.006
20. Cheng, T., Xu, J., Li, Y., Zhao, Y., Bai, Y., Fu, X., Gao, X. and Mao, X., 2021. Effect of gum ghatti on physicochemical and microstructural properties of biodegradable sodium alginate edible films. Food Measure, 15, pp.107–118. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11694-020-00605-y
21. Cushman, D.R. and Schick, J.W., 1975. New Jersey Patent No. U.S. Patent. New Jersey Patent, USA.
22. Dave, P.N. and Macwan, P.M., 2024a. Effect of functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes on the mechanical, swelling and viscoelastic properties of gum ghatti-cl-poly (NIPAm) hydrogels. New Journal of Chemistry, 48(20), pp.9249–9261. https://doi.org/10.1039/D4NJ01677G
23. Dave, P.N. and Macwan, P.M., 2024b. Novel pH-sensitive gum ghatti-cl-poly (acrylic acid) composite hydrogel based on graphene oxide for metformin hydrochloride and sodium diclofenac combined drug-delivery systems. RSC Pharmaceutics. https://doi.org/10.1039/D3PM00072A
24. Dave, P.N., Chopda, L.V. and Kamaliya, B.P., 2023. Synthesis of a Polyacrylic‐Grafted, Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube‐Loaded Gum Ghatti Hydrogel for Diclofenac Removal. Chemical Engineering & Technology, 46(5), pp.997–1004. https://doi.org/10.1002/ceat.202200367
25. Dave, P.N., Macwan, P.M. and Kamaliya, B., 2024a. Reinforcing effect of oxidized multiwalled carbon nanotubes on swelling and mechanical properties of gum ghatti-cl-poly (NIPAm-co-AA) hydrogels. Mechanics of Soft Materials, 6(1), 2. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42558-024-00057-0
26. Dave, P.N., Macwan, P.M. and Kamaliya, B., 2024b. Synthesis, rheological and thermal studies of Gum ghatti-cl-poly (acrylic acid) hydrogels containing CoFe2O4 nanoparticles. International Journal of Polymer Analysis and Characterization, pp.1–17.
27. Dave, P.N., Macwan, P.M. and Kamaliya, B., 2024c. The effect of adding cobalt ferrite (CoFe3O4) nanoparticles as fillers on rheological and structural behaviour of gum ghatti-cl-poly (NIPAm) hydrogels. Mechanics of Time-Dependent Materials. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11043-024-09676-6
28. Dave, P.N., Macwan, P.M., Kamaliya, B. and Kumar, A., 2025. Rheological investigations and swelling behavior of gum ghatti-cl-poly (acrylic acid) hydrogel reinforced with graphene oxide. Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Engineering, 20(1), 11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40712-024-00148-w
29. Davidson, R.L., 1980. Handbook of water-soluble gums and resins. McGraw-Hill.
30. Deshmukh, A.S., Setty, C.M., Badiger, A.M. and Muralikrishna, K.S., 2012. Gum ghatti: A promising polysaccharide for pharmaceutical applications. Carbohydrate Polymers, 87(2), pp.980–986. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2011.08.099
31. Dey, P., Bal, T. and Gupta, R.N., 2020. Fabrication and invitro evaluation of electrospun gum ghatti-polyvinyl alcohol polymeric blend green nanofibre mat (GG-PVA NFM) as a novel material for polymeric scaffolds in wound healing. Polymer Testing, 91. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymertesting.2020.106826
32. Eshghi, S., Karimi, R., Shiri, A., Karami, M. and Moradi, M., 2021. The novel edible coating based on chitosan and gum ghatti to improve the quality and safety of ‘Rishbaba’ table grape during cold storage. Journal of Food Measurement and Characterization, 15(4), pp.3683–3693. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11694-021-00944-4
33. Fosso-Kankeu, E., Mittal, H., Mishra, S.B. and Mishra, A.K., 2015. Gum ghatti and acrylic acid based biodegradable hydrogels for the effective adsorption of cationic dyes. Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, 22, pp.171–178. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jiec.2014.07.007
34. Giri, S., Prasad, N., Pandey, S., Prasad, M. and Baboo, B., 2008. Natural resins and gums of commercial importance-At a glance. ICAR- Indian Institute of Natural Resins and Gums, Ranchi-834010, India.
35. Giri, T.K. and Badwaik, H., 2022. Understanding the application of gum ghatti based biodegradable hydrogel for wastewater treatment. Environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring & Management, 17, 100668. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enmm.2022.100668
36. Glicksman, M., (ed.), 1983. Gum ghatti (Indian gum). CRC Press, Boca Raton.
37. Glicksman, M., 1982. Food Hydrocolloids. CRC Press. https://books.google.co.in/books?hl=en&lr=&id=eV74DwAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PR1&dq=M.+Glicksman,+Food+hydrocolloids,+Volume+1,+CRC+Press,+1982.&ots=R3YOifN_bc&sig=5-MbcivYB5Hbu_VAaN0a5Kz2D7A&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=M. Glicksman%252C Food hydrocolloids%252C Volume 1%25
38. Goddeti, S.M.R., Maity, A. and Ray, S.S., 2020. Polypyrrole-coated gum ghatti-grafted poly(acrylamide) composite for the selective removal of hexavalent chromium from waste water. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 164, pp.2851–2860. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.07.324
39. Hobbs, C.A., Swartz, C., Maronpot, R., Davis, J., Recio, L. and Hayashi, S.M., 2012. Evaluation of the genotoxicity of the food additive, gum ghatti. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 50(3–4), pp.854–860. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2011.11.021
40. Huang, X., Kakuda, Y. and Cui, W., 2001. Hydrocolloids in emulsions: Particle size distribution and interfacial activity. Food Hydrocolloids, 15(4–6), pp.533–542. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0268-005X(01)00091-1
41. Ido, T., Ogasawara, T., Katayama, T., Sasaki, Y., Al-Assaf, S. and Phillips, G.O., 2008. Emulsification property of GATIFOLIA (gum ghatti) used for emulsions in food products. Foods and Food Ingredients Journal of Japan, 213, pp.365–372.
42. Jain, N.K. and Dixit, V.K., 1988. Studies on gums and their derivatives as binding agent. Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 50, pp.113–114.
43. Jain, S., Shah, V., Doshi, M. and Vegada, R., 2024. Peptide and protein delivery through acacia, tragacanth, and ghatti gum. In Peptide and Protein Drug Delivery Using Polysaccharides (pp.149–167). https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-443-18925-8.00005-2
44. Jefferies, M., And, G.P. and Phillips, G.O., 1977. Viscosity of aqueous solutions of gum ghatti. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 28(2), pp.173–179. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.2740280211
45. Jefferies, M., Konadu, E.Y. and Pass, G., 1982. Cation effects on the viscosity of gum ghatti. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 33(11), pp.1152–1159. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.2740331113
46. Jefferies, M., Pass, G., Phillips, G.O., and Zakaria, M.B., 1978. The effect of metal ion content on the viscosity of gum ghatti. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 29(2), pp.193–200. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.2740290218
47. Jiang, C., Yang, H., Liu, T., Zhang, Q., Zou, Y. and Wang, S., 2024. Fabrication, characterization and evaluation of Manihot esculenta starch based intelligent packaging films containing gum ghatti and black currant (Ribes nigrum) extract for freshness monitoring of beef meat. Food Chemistry, X, 23, 101616. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fochx.2024.101616
48. Joshi, M.G., Setty, C.M., Deshmukh, A.S. and Bhatt, Y.A., 2010. Gum ghatti: A new release modifier for zero order release in 3-layered tablets of diltiazem hydrochloride. Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, 44(1), pp.78–85.
49. Kaith, B.S., Jindal, R., Mittal, H. and Kumar, K., 2010. Temperature, pH and electric stimulus responsive hydrogels from Gum ghatti and polyacrylamide-synthesis, characterization and swelling studies. Der Chemica Sinica, 1(2), pp.44–54.
50. Kang, J., Cui, S.W., Chen, J., Phillips, G.O., Wu, Y. and Wang, Q., 2011). New studies on gum ghatti (Anogeissus latifolia) part I. Fractionation, chemical and physical characterization of the gum. Food Hydrocolloids, 25(8), pp.1984–1990. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodhyd.2010.12.011
51. Kang, J., Cui, S.W., Guo, Q., Chen, J., Wang, Q., Phillips, G.O. and Nikiforuk, J., 2012. Structural investigation of a glycoprotein from gum ghatti. Carbohydrate Polymers, 89(3), pp.749–758. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2012.04.004
52. Kang, J., Cui, S.W., Phillips, G.O., Chen, J., Guo, Q. and Wang, Q., 2011a. New studies on gum ghatti (Anogeissus latifolia) part II. Structure characterization of an arabinogalactan from the gum by 1D, 2D NMR spectroscopy and methylation analysis. Food Hydrocolloids, 25(8), pp.1991–1998. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodhyd.2010.11.021
53. Kang, J., Cui, S.W., Phillips, G.O., Chen, J., Guo,Q. and Wang, Q., 2011b. New studies on gum ghatti (Anogeissus latifolia) Part III: Structure characterization of a globular polysaccharide fraction by 1D, 2D NMR spectroscopy and methylation analysis. Food Hydrocolloids, 25(8), pp.1999–2007. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodhyd.2010.11.020
54. Kang, J., Guo, Q., Phillips, G.O. and Cui, S.W., 2014. Understanding the structure-emulsification relationship of gum ghatti-A review of recent advances. Food Hydrocolloids, 42, pp.187–195. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodhyd.2014.04.010
55. Kang, J., Guo, Q., Wang, Q., Phillips, G.O. and Cui, S.W., 2015. New studies on gum ghatti (Anogeissus latifolia) part 6: Physicochemical characteristics of the protein moiety of gum ghatti. Food Hydrocolloids, 44, pp.237–243. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodhyd.2014.09.013
56. Karamalla, K.A., Siddig, N. and Osman, M., 1998. Analytical data for Acacia Senegal var. Senegal gum samples collected between 1993 and 1995 from Sudan. Food Hydrocolloids, 12(4), pp.373–378. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0268-005X(98)00005-8
57. Kaur, L., Singh, J. and Singh, H., 2009. Characterization of gum ghatti (Anogeissus latifolia): A structural and rheological approach. Journal of Food Science, 74(6). https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1750-3841.2009.01244.x
58. Kora, A.J. and Rastogi, L., 2018. Green synthesis of palladium nanoparticles using gum ghatti (Anogeissus latifolia) and its application as an antioxidant and catalyst. Arabian Journal of Chemistry, 11(7), pp.1097–1106. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arabjc.2015.06.024
59. Kora, A.J., Beedu, S.R. and Jayaraman, A., 2012. Size-controlled green synthesis of silver nanoparticles mediated by gum ghatti (Anogeissus latifolia) and its biological activity. Organic and Medicinal Chemistry Letters, 2(1), pp.1–10. https://doi.org/10.1186/2191-2858-2-17
60. Kramer, P.J. and Kozlowski, T.K., 1979. Physiology of woody Plants. ic Press, New York.
61. Kulal, P. and Badalamoole, V., 2020. Efficient removal of dyes and heavy metal ions from waste water using Gum ghatti – graft – poly(4-acryloylmorpholine) hydrogel incorporated with magnetite nanoparticles. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 8(5), 104207. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2020.104207
62. Kulal, P. and Badalamoole, V., 2021. Evaluation of gum ghatti-g-poly(itaconic acid) magnetite nanocomposite as an adsorbent material for water purification. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 193, pp.2232–2242. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.11.055
63. Kulal, P. and Badalamoole, V., 2024. Modified gum ghatti based hybrid hydrogel nanocomposite as adsorbent material for dye removal from wastewater. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 137409. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.137409
64. Kumar, A., Naushad, M., Rana, A., Inamuddin, Preeti, Sharma, G., Ghfar, A.A., Stadler, F.J. and Khan, M.R., 2017. ZnSe-WO3 nano-hetero-assembly stacked on Gum ghatti for photo-degradative removal of Bisphenol A: Symbiose of adsorption and photocatalysis. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 104, pp.1172–1184. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.06.116
65. Kumar, P., Pande, P.P., Khare, P., Shankar, R., Chaurasiya, A. and Tripathi, N.P., 2024. Poly (acrylic acid-co-2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate)-grafted Gum ghatti hydrogel for capturing heavy metal ions. Materials Chemistry and Physics, 130106. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchemphys.2024.130106
66. Kuruwanshi, V.B., Katiyar, P. and Khan, S., 2017. Scientific Approaches of Gum Tapping in Gum Karaya (Sterculia urens Roxb.) for High Gum Production. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 6(8), pp.3366–3374. https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2017.608.402
67. Lei, Z., Tang, H., Zhang, H., Luo, Y.C. and Xu, P.F., 2025. Selective Flotation Separation of Chalcopyrite from Talc Using Ghatti Gum as a Novel Depressant. Process Safety and Environmental Protection, 107561. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psep.2025.107561
68. Lett, J.A., Sagadevan, S., Shahnavaz, Z., Latha, M.B., Alagarswamy, K., Hossain, M.A.M., Mohammad, F. and Johan, M.R., 2020. Exploration of gum ghatti-modified porous scaffolds for bone tissue engineering applications. New Journal of Chemistry, 44(6), pp.2389–2401. https://doi.org/10.1039/C9NJ05575D
69. Maity, J. and Ray, S.K., 2024. Synthesis, characterization and column adsorption properties of gum ghatti and water hyacianth derived cellulose grafted poly (vinyl sulfonic acid-co-acrylamide) composites. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 268, 131652. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131652
70. Maronpot, R.R., Davis, J., Moser, G., Giri, D.K. and Hayashi, S.M., 2013. Evaluation of 90-day oral rat toxicity studies on the food additive, gum ghatti. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 51(1), pp.215–224. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2012.09.037
71. Meer, G., 1980. Gum ghatti. In R.L. Davidson (ed.), Handbook of water-soluble gums and resins. McGraw Hill, New York.
72. Meer, G., Meer, W.A. and Gerard, A., 1973. Gum ghatti. In R.L. Whistler and J.N. BeMiller (eds), Industrial gums (pp.265–271). Academic Press, New York. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-746252-3.50016-2
73. Mehta, A., Sen, G. and Pandey, J.P., 2022. Microwave-assisted cationization of Gum ghatti by grafting with diallyldimethylammonium chloride (DADMAC) and its applications as nano scavenger. Industrial Crops and Products, 179, 114637. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2022.114637
74. Mittal, H., Ballav, N. and Mishra, S.B., 2014. Gum ghatti and Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles based nanocomposites for the effective adsorption of methylene blue from aqueous solution. Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, 20(4), pp.2184–2192. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jiec.2013.09.049
75. Mittal, H., Jindal, R., Kaith, B.S., Maity, A. and Ray, S.S., 2014. Synthesis and flocculation properties of gum ghatti and poly (acrylamide-co-acrylonitrile) based biodegradable hydrogels. Carbohydrate Polymers, 114, pp.321–329. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.08.029
76. Mittal, H., Kumar, V., Alhassan, S.M. and Ray, S.S., 2018. Modification of gum ghatti via grafting with acrylamide and analysis of its flocculation, adsorption, and biodegradation properties. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 114, pp.283–294. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.03.131
77. Mittal, H., Maity, A. and Sinha, S., 2015. Gum ghatti and poly (acrylamide-co-acrylic acid) based biodegradable hydrogel-evaluation of the fl occulation and adsorption properties. Polymer Degradation and Stability, 120, pp.42–52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2015.06.008
78. Mittal, H., Mishra, S.B., Mishra, A.K., Kaith, B.S. and Jindal, R., 2013. Flocculation characteristics and biodegradation studies of Gum ghatti based hydrogels. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 58, pp.37–46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2013.03.045
79. Mondal, H., Karmakar, M., Dutta, A., Mahapatra, M., Deb, M., Mitra, M., Roy, J.S.D., Roy, C., Chattopadhyay, P.K. and Singha, N.R., 2018. Tetrapolymer Network Hydrogels via Gum Ghatti-Grafted and N-H/C-H-Activated Allocation of Monomers for Composition-Dependent Superadsorption of Metal Ions [Research-article]. ACS Omega, 3(9), pp.10692–10708. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.8b01218
80. Padmanabhan, V.P., Prakash, N., Sankara Narayanan, T.S.N., Kulandaivelu, R., Mohammad, F., Obulapuram, P.K., Oh, W.C. and Sagadevan, S., 2021. Drug delivery and in vitro biological effects of gum ghatti-modified hydroxyapatite nanoporous composites. Materials Chemistry and Physics, 263, 124385. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchemphys.2021.124385
81. Pal, P., Singh, S.K., Mishra, S., Pandey, J.P. and Sen, G., 2019. Gum ghatti based hydrogel: Microwave synthesis, characterization, 5-Fluorouracil encapsulation and ‘in vitro’ drug release evaluation. Carbohydrate Polymers, 222. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.114979
82. Pal, P., Suman, S., Verma, A., Pandey, J.P. and Sen, G., 2018. Synthesis and optimization of hydrolyzed gum ghatti as nano-hunters – Flocculant for destabilization of nanoparticles. Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 555, pp.699–707. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfa.2018.07.046
83. Paveh, N. and Karimi, R., 2024. Effect of gum ghatti and SoluPotasse on phenological and physiological indices related to spring cold tolerance of grapevine. Journal of Plant Production Research. https://doi.org/10.22069/jopp.2024.22382.3139
84. Prasad, N., Thombare, N., Sharma, S. and Kumar, S., 2022. Natural exudate gum from ghatti tree (Anogeissus latifolia): A review on production, processing and marketing. Journal of Non-Timber Forest Products, 29(4), pp.153–161. https://doi.org/10.54207/bsmps2000-2023-Y019B3
85. Preeti, Banerjee, S., Debnath, A. and Singh, V., 2021. Gum ghatti-alginate hybrid bead derived titania spheres for deep removal of toxic dye Remazol Brilliant Violet from aqueous solutions. Environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring & Management, 15, 100459. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enmm.2021.100459
86. Puri, V., Sharma, A., Kumar, P., Singh, I. and Huanbutta, K., 2021. Synthesis and Characterization of Thiolated Gum Ghatti as a Novel Excipient: Development of Compression-Coated Mucoadhesive Tablets of Domperidone. ACS Omega, 6(24), pp.15844–15854. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.1c01328
87. Rani, P., Sen, G., Mishra, S. and Jha, U., 2012. Microwave assisted synthesis of polyacrylamide grafted gum ghatti and its application as flocculant. Carbohydrate Polymers, 89(1), pp.275–281. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2012.03.009
88. Ravi, V., Kumar, T.P. and Shivakumar, H., 2013. Investigation of Kondagogu Gum and Ghatti Gum as Binders in Formulating Metoprolol Tartrate Tablets. Research Journal of Pharmaceutical, Biological and Chemical Sciences, 4(2), pp.1110–1121.
89. Ray, S., Roy, G., Maiti, S., Bhattacharyya, U.K., Sil, A. and Mitra, R., 2017. Development of smart hydrogels of etherified gum ghatti for sustained oral delivery of ropinirole hydrochloride. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 103, pp.347–354. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.04.059
90. Sahu, P., Pisalkar, P.S., Patel, S. and Katiyar, P., 2019. Physico-chemical and Rheological Properties of Karaya Gum (Sterculia urens Roxb.). International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 8(04), pp.672–681. https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2019.804.072
91. Sakai, E., Katayama, T., Ogasawara, T. and Mizuno, M., 2013. Identification of Anogeissus latifolia Wallich and analysis of refined gum ghatti. Journal of Natural Medicines, 67(2), pp.276–280. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11418-012-0678-3
92. Sapale, P., Bhadariya, V., Rana, S.S., Subbaiah, T., Chavhan, M.V., and Kaur, P., 2022. Empirical study of Gum Ghatti as an alternative thickening agent in hydraulic fracturing. Petroleum, 8(4), pp.567– 576. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.petlm.2021.05.003
93. Sarkar, P., Sahu, U., Binsi, P., Nayak, N., Ninoa, G. and Ravishankar, C., 2018. Studies on physico-chemical and functional properties of some natural Indian gums. Asian J. Dairy & Food Res., 37(2), pp.126–131. https://doi.org/10.18805/ajdfr.DR-1241
94. Sharma, K., Kaith, B.S., Kumar, V., Kalia, S., Kumar, V., Som, S. and Swart, H.C., 2014. Gum ghatti based novel electrically conductive biomaterials: A study of conductivity and surface morphology. Express Polymer Letters, 8(4), pp.267–281. https://doi.org/10.3144/expresspolymlett.2014.30
95. Sharma, K., Kaith, B.S., Kumar, V., Kumar, V., Som, S., Kalia, S. and Swart, H.C., 2013. Synthesis and properties of poly (acrylamide-aniline)-grafted gum ghatti based nanospikes. RSC Advances, 3(48), pp.25830–25839. https://doi.org/10.1039/c3ra44809f
96. Sharma, K., Kumar, V., Kaith, B.S., Kumar, V., Som, S., Pandey, A., Kalia, S. and Swart, H.C., 2015. Evaluation of a conducting interpenetrating network based on gum ghatti-g-poly (acrylic acid-aniline) as a colon-specific delivery system for amoxicillin trihydrate and paracetamol. New Journal of Chemistry, 39(4), pp.3021–3034. https://doi.org/10.1039/C4NJ01982B
97. Sharma, K., Virk, K., Kumar, V., Sharma, S.K. and Sharma, V., 2020. Preparation and Characterizations Graft Copolymer of Poly (acrylamide-aniline)-Grafted Gum Ghatti. Materials Today: Proceedings, 21, pp.1856–1861. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2020.01.241
98. Sharma, S.C., Pandey, S.K. and Prasad, N., 2023. Mechanization Status in Karaya Gum Tapping and Scope for Improvement: A Review. Agricultural Mechanization in Asia, Africa and Latin America, 54(2), pp.18–29.
99. Shelar-Lohar, G. and Joshi, S., 2019. Comparative study of uranium and thorium metal ion adsorption by gum ghatti grafted poly (acrylamide) copolymer composites. RSC Advances, 9(70), pp.41326–41335. https://doi.org/10.1039/C9RA08212C
100. Shelly, Ahuja, M. and Kumar, A., 2013. Gum ghatti-chitosan polyelectrolyte nanoparticles: Preparation and characterization. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 61, pp.411–415. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2013.07.022
101. Singh, A., Misra, N., Rawat, K.P., Amar, V., Negi, S., Kaur, A. and Singh, H., 2024a. Recapitulating the Physicochemical and Functional Characteristics of Gum Ghatti and its myriad applications in the Food Industry. Food Hydrocolloids, 110471. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodhyd.2024.110471
102. Singh, R., Priya, H., Ranjan Kumar, S., Trivedi, D., Prasad, N., Ahmad, F., Gada Chengaiyan, J., Haque, S. and Singh Rana, S., 2024b. Gum Ghatti: A Comprehensive Review on Production, Processing, Remarkable Properties, and Diverse Applications. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.3c08198
103. Singha, N.R., Karmakar, M., Mahapatra, M., Mondal, H., Dutta, A., Deb, M., Mitra, M., Roy, C. and Chattopadhyay, P.K., 2018. An in situ approach for the synthesis of a gum ghatti-g -interpenetrating terpolymer network hydrogel for the high-performance adsorption mechanism evaluation of Cd(ii), Pb(ii), Bi(iii) and Sb(iii). Journal of Materials Chemistry A, 6(17), pp.8078–8100. https://doi.org/10.1039/C8TA01106K
104. Thombare, N., Lohot, V., Prasad, N. and Sharma, K., 2018. Major gum and resin plants of India: A field guide. ICAR- Indian Institute of Natural Resins and Gums, Ranchi, India. https://krishi.icar.gov.in/jspui/handle/123456789/12320
105. Thombare, N., Mate, C.J., Tamilarashi, K., Chowdhury, A.R. and Srivastava, S., 2018. Physico-chemical characterization and microbiological evaluation of Gum Ghatti as potential food additive. Multilogic in Science, VIII(August), pp.316–319.
106. Verma, A., Kumar, P., Rastogi, V. and Mittal, P., 2021. Preparation and evaluation of polymeric beads composed of Chitosan-Gellan Gum-Gum Ghatti/-Gum Karaya polyelectrolyte complexes as polymeric carrier for enteric sustained delivery of Diclofenac sodium. Future Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 7. https://doi.org/10.1186/s43094-021-00343-y
107. Verma, Y., Sharma, G., Kumar, A., Dhiman, P., Si, C. and Stadler, F.J., 2024. Synthesizing pectin-crosslinked gum ghatti hydrogel for efficient adsorptive removal of malachite green. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 258, 128640. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128640
108. Williams, P.A., 1982. Adsorption of polyelectrolytes onto barium sulphate [Ph.D. Thesis]. University of Salford.
109. Wu, P., Fu, Y., Xu, J., Gao, X., Fu, X. and Wang, L., 2024. The preparation of edible water-soluble films comprising κ-carrageenan/carboxymethyl starch/gum ghatti and their application in instant coffee powder packaging. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 277, 133574. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133574
110. Yao, X., Zhang, W., Nie, K., Gao, Z., Fang, Y., Nishinari, K., Phillips, G.O. and Jiang, F., 2016. Effect of Gum Arabic, Gum Ghatti and Sugar Beet Pectin as Interfacial Layer on Lipid Digestibility in Oil-in-Water Emulsions. Food Biophysics, 11(3), pp.292–301. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11483-016-9441-8
111. Yogi, R., Kumar, N. and Sharma, K., 2021a. Lac, Plant Resin and Gums Statistics 2020: At a glance. ICAR-Indian Institute of Natural Resins and Gums, Ranchi, India-834010.
112. Yogi, R., Kumar, N. and Sharma, K., 2021b. Lac, Plant Resins and Gums Statistics 2019: At a Glance. ICAR-Indian Institute of Natural Resins and Gums, Ranchi (Jharkhand), India.
113. Zhang, P., Zhao, Y. and Shi, Q., 2016. Characterization of a novel edible film based on gum ghatti: Effect of plasticizer type and concentration. Carbohydrate Polymers, 153, pp.345–355. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.07.082
114. Zhang, P., Zhao, Y., Zhang, X., Zhu, L., Fang, Z. and Shi, Q., 2020. Thermodynamic properties and state diagram of gum ghatti-based edible films: Effects of glycerol and nisin. Polymers, 12(2). https://doi.org/10.3390/polym12020449